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West Coast Swing (WCS) is a partner dance with roots in Lindy Hop. It is characterized by a distinctive elastic look that results from its basic extension-compression technique of partner connection, and is danced primarily in a slotted area on the dance floor. The dance allows for both partners to improvise steps while dancing together, putting West Coast Swing in a short list of dances that put a premium on improvisation.〔Glamour Addiction - Inside the American Ballroom Dance Industry. Juliet McMains. 2006. Wesleyan University Press. pages 97, 213. ISBN 0-8195-6774-4. McMains includes salsa, Argentine Tango, lindy hop, and shag in this list.〕 Typically the follower walks into new patterns traveling forward on counts "1" and "2" of each basic pattern, rather than rocking back. Traditional figures include 6-count and 8-count patterns of one of the four basic varieties: (1) Starter Step, (2) Side Pass, (3) Push Break / Sugar Push, (4) Whip.〔(West Coast Swing Moves and Videos http://www.anchorsteps.com )〕 Alternatively the basic patterns in WCS are defined as: Sugar Push; Left Side Pass; Right Side Pass; Tuck Turn; and Whip. Virtually all other moves in WCS are variations of these basic patterns. The Anchor Step is a common ending pattern of many West Coast Swing figures.〔Skippy Blair on Contemporary Social Dance. Skippy Blair. 1978. page 113. ISBN 0-932980-01-5 〕〔()〕 ==History== The origins of the WCS are in Lindy Hop. In a 1947 book, Arthur Murray recognized that, "There are hundreds of regional dances of the Jitterbug type. Each section of the country seems to have a variation of its own." 〔''How to become a Good Dancer'' by Arthur Murray 1947 Simon and Schuster. revised edition. page 175.〕 Dean Collins, who arrived in the Los Angeles area around 1937, was influential in developing the style of swing dance on the West Coast of the United States, as both a performer and teacher. When his wife, Mary Collins, was asked if Dean was responsible for the emergence of the dance, however, she said that Dean insisted there were "only two kinds of swing dance - good and bad".〔Dance Spirit. "The Dean of Swing". Kiku Loomis. June 2001. pages 82, 83.〕〔(Swing Dance Hall of Fame Dean Collins )〕 Lauré Haile, an Arthur Murray National Dance Director 〔Dance Teacher Now. November–December 1986 page 27.〕 documented swing dancing as done in the Los Angeles area and used the name "Western Swing". Murray had used the same name, "Western Swing", in the late 1930s for a ''different dance''.〔(See Image from Murray book )〕 Haile included Western Swing in Dance Notebooks she authored for Arthur Murray during the 1950s. Western Swing was also called "Sophisticated Swing" in the 1950s. () Western swing, country boogie, and, with a smaller audience, jump blues were popular on the West Coast throughout the 1940s and into the 1950s when they were renamed and marketed as rock 'n' roll in 1954. Dancers danced "a 'swingier' - more smooth and subdued" form of Jitterbug to Western Swing music.〔The Complete Book of Country Swing & Western Dancing and a Bit about Cowboys Peter Livingston Livingston/Boulder Books 1981 ISBN 0-385-17601-5 page 44〕 West Coast Swing (still known as Western Swing at that time) is the basis for the dancing in the rehearsal scene in “Hot Rod Gang” (1958).〔http://www.sd455.com/moviehotrodgang.htm〕〔http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0051741/〕 Music is supplied by rockabilly musician Gene Vincent’s “Dance to the Bop”.〔http://rcs-discography.com/rcs/ss/04/ss4463.mp3〕 The song alternates between very slow sections and those with the rapid pace and high energy of rockabilly. Staged by a young Dick Di Augustin, the dancing includes recognizable patterns such as the chicken walk, swing out from closed position, etc., along with the classic woman’s walk walk triple step triple step at the end of the slot. On the final step of the second triple the women are weighted left with the right heel on the floor and the toes pointed up. Dancers also do classic Lindy flips at the end of the slot, as well as non partner, non West Coast Swing movements.〔(Hot Rod Gang @ YouTube )〕 Murray's taught Western Swing beginning from a closed position and the possibility of dancing single, double, or triple rhythm. After "Throwout" patterns began with the woman "walking in" and the man doing a "rock step", or step together for counts one and two.〔Dance NoteBook. Lauré Haile. 195?. Bronze Level Western Swing.〕 Although the dance remained basically the same, the Golden State Dance Teachers Association (GSDTA) began teaching from the walk steps, counts 1 and 2.〔(FEBRUARY 2009 - West Coast 101 at SwingWorld.com )〕 It replaced Lauré Haile's Coaster Step with an "Anchor Step" around 1961.〔Dance Terminology Notebook. Skippy Blair. 1994. Altera. page 3. ISBN 0-932980-11-2.〕 "West Coast swing" as a synonym for "Western swing" appears in a 1961 dance book,〔Social Dance. Yerrington, Outland. 1961. page 34. no ISBN or Library of Congress number〕 and was used in an advertisement by Skippy Blair in 1962.〔(Skippy Blair at USA Swing Network retrieved 12.27.2008 )〕〔(Skippy Blair at Dancer Archive retrieved 12.27.2008 ) In her Dance Terminology Notebook. Skippy Blair. Altera. page 79. ISBN 0-932980-11-2. Blair writes "The news ads advertised West Coast Swing (1958). " A 2006 personal communication from Blair references the 1962 date, "However, the first IN PRINT verification that I could find of OUR using the name West Coast Swing IN PRINT, was 1962."〕 but wasn't incorporated into mainstream swing circles until the late 1960s. () Blair credits Jim Bannister, editor of the Herald American newspaper in Downey, for suggesting the name West Coast Swing.〔(SwingDanceWorld FEBRUARY 2009 - West Coast 101 )〕〔In her 1994 book "Dance Terminology Notebook" Blair wrote she would tell anyone "who would listen, that "Western" really meant "West Coast". One of the students made an asture observation and asked "then why don't you say that ?"" Dance Terminology Notebook. Skippy Blair. 1994. Altera. page 79. ISBN 0-932980-11-2.〕 When the Golden West Ballroom, in Norwalk, California, changed from Country to Ballroom dancing, the dance most advertised on the Marquee was West Coast Swing. 〔(retrieved 2.12.2011 "Beginning with the 1967 opening of the Golden West Ballroom in Norwalk, CA, and through 1980, West Coast Swing was on the marquee as the dance taught every Wednesday and Friday night." Dance Terminology Notebook. Skippy Blair. 1994. Altera. page 79. ISBN 0-932980-11-2. )〕〔It appears that the "When the GOLDEN WEST BALLROOM, in Norwalk, California, changed from Country to Ballroom dancing, the dance most advertised on the Marquee was West Coast Swing" also according to Blair. http://www.swingworld.com/wcs.htm retrieved 2.12.2011〕〔New Era in the Presentation of Country Music Showplace to Feature Top Singing Stars. Author: Ron Heinzel. Los Angeles Times. Date: December 1, 1963 Start Page: OCA2 Pages: 2 Section: Orange County "On the night of December 5 the doors will swing open at the Golden West Auditorium to mark the realization of a dream and an era in the presentation of music Americana.〕〔Golden West Auditorium, a new country music show place located at 12400 Studebaker Road at Imperial Highway, Norwalk, Calif., celebrated its formal opening with a press party embracing cocktails, lunch and a fashion show December 2. The new country music auditorium is the realization of an idea nurtured some five years ago by businessman Olen S. Thidedeau, who vowed to give Southern California a country music show place second to none. Billboard December 14, 1963 page 20〕 Western Swing was documented in the 1971 edition of the "Encyclopedia of Social Dance". Patterns began with the woman stepping forward twice, but described the "Coaster Step" with a forward step as the last step of the 2nd triple. The one song that was listed for this dance was "Comin' On" by Bill Black's Combo (1964〔()〕 Hi #2072).〔Encyclopedia of Social Dance. Albert and Josephine Butler. 1971 & 1975. Albert Butler Ballroom Dance Service. New York, NY. pages 140-145 in 1971 edition. no ISBN or other ID〕 As late as 1978, the term "Western Swing" was common usage among Chain and Independent Studios to describe "slotted swing".〔Skippy Blair on Contemporary Dance" Skippy Blair 1978 page 184 ISBN 0-932980-01-5"〕 Circa 1978 "California Swing" was yet another name for West Coast Swing, albeit with styling that was "considered more UP, with a more Contemporary flavor."〔Skippy Blair on Contemporary Social Dance" Skippy Blair 1978 page 176 ISBN 0-932980-01-5〕 By 1978 GSDTA had "some 200 or more patterns and variations" for West Coast Swing."〔Skippy Blair on Contemporary Social Dance" Skippy Blair. 1978. page 118. ISBN 0-932980-00-7〕 In 1988, West Coast Swing was pronounced the Official State Dance of California.〔(Official State Dance of California )〕 Most recently since circa 2008 West Coast Swing has been a major influence with in the development of Fusion Dance. West Coast Swing is one of the base dances that is currently utilized by many fusion dancers. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「West Coast Swing」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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